1990-2002

click on image to enlarge

Prudhoe Bay is one of the largest fields in North America. International Reservoir Technologies has been performing modeling studies of this reservoir since 1990 and continues to perform compositional simulation studies including a new full field model.  All of the models have been built and maintained using the Landmark VIP family of simulation software. The full field model is based on a deterministic petrophysical reservoir description and the latest 3-D seismic interpretation of the Field's structure. The model has a sequence of lower porosity, lower net-to-gross, relatively shale-free sands, in the middle, and much lower porosity, low net-to gross sands separated by mapable flood plain shales at the bottom of the reservoir. The degree of vertical communication within the reservoir at any point usually controls the performance of wells in that area; successfully modeling the Ivishak reservoir is therefore highly dependent on correctly representing the variations in vertical communication throughout the reservoir.

click on image to enlarge

The effects of water injection, dry gas cycling into the gas cap, miscible gas displacement using a WAG procedure in patterns, well fracture treatments and gas production levels have all been modeled using the VIP suite of software. International Reservoir Technologies has also integrated existing reservoir description geo-statistical models into "type pattern" sector models to study the miscible gas displacement process using both compositional and Todd-Longstaff PVT formulations. These sector studies included studies of the impact of vertical and areal gridding density and scale-up techniques on the predicted miscible displacement recovery. Phase behavior of the fluids has been studied, and equation of state parameters derived.

1995

This was an EOR/miscible gas feasibility study to evaluate miscibility conditions for this North Slope Alaska reservoir. Swelling tests were modeled using a PVT simulator, and compositional slimtube displacements were modeled with VIP simulation models. International Reservoir Technologies also built and evaluated a pattern WAG process model.

Contact Richard Dillon (RGDillon@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact Richard Dillon (RGDillon@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1995-1999

Endicott is a large oil reservoir just offshore on the North Slope of Alaska. IRT has constructed and history matched a new full field model of the reservoir, and we are now building a compositional and Todd-Longstaff version of the model.  Sector models to study a new miscible gas displacement project at Endicott will be imbedded into a coarse grid version of this full field model. All of the models are based on a geo-statistical based geocellular reservoir description of over 19 million cells. Geological modeling of the reservoir in this valley-fill, tidally influenced fluvial-deltaic environment was accomplished through facies and petrophysical modeling using geo-statistical techniques, namely object modeling and sequential Gaussian simulation respectively. The geological models were successfully up-scaled to the full field model gridding - coarse root grid with multiple "fine" grids embedded in the oil intervals of each geologic zone - using the Landmark/VIP gridgenr/array software suite. Again, reservoir performance and the model's ability to accurately model that performance are controlled by the level of vertical communication at each point in the reservoir.

1995-1998

International Reservoir Technologies built a 59,000 grid cell, 11 component VIP model of this volatile oil reservoir and has simulated several prediction scenarios to support the facilities design team in determining project economics.

Contact Joe Dozzo (JADozzo@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact Joe Dozzo (JADozzo@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1995-1998

International Reservoir Technologies built a 202,000 grid cell model of this turbidite reservoir based on detailed geophysical and geostatistical interpretations. The model was used to evaluate recovery sensitivities to reservoir description variables as part of the overall commerciality decision-making process.

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Since 1993

The Cutthroat Field is a large carbonate mound deposit and has been studied to determine the potential benefits of CO2 injection.  A VIP compositional model is the basis upon which a development and management plan has been created. 

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

IRT has played an integral role within volatile oil / carbonate reservoir projects of the Paradox Basin, and continues as part of an extended reservoir management team, coordinating field operations and drilling decisions with geoscientists and performing simulation model history match and future performance predictions.  IRT also interacts with state and federal agencies on behalf of client(s), regarding the environmentally and historically sensitive issues of the Four Corners area. 

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1993-2001

An integrated study to characterize and define the extent of the field.  The reservoir is a large carbonate mound deposit, and has been redefined by performing attribute analyses on 3-D seismic data.  Estimates of total mound thickness and net pay thickness have been estimated in this fashion.  Each new reservoir description has been input into a VIP compositional model, the updated model is matched to actual field performance, and the resulting model used to establish and update the development and management plan for the field. In this way, the model acts as a living tool for the management of the reservoir.

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact Tom Gould (TLGould@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1996-1997

International Reservoir Technologies constructed a multi-layer black oil reservoir simulation model to study the waterflood potential of the M2 sands located in South Pass, Block 27, Plaquemines Parish. The model included over 60 wells, with production history extending more than 40 years.

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

2002

International Reservoir Technologies  was contracted by Nance Petroleum to build a static model for the ordovician Gunton, a carbonate reservoir in Brush Lake Field, Williston Basin, Montana.  The model consisted of 6 layers and 19 wells.  Work included a review of the core, development of a depositional model, construction of an OpenWorks database, update of the structural interpretation, log correlation, property mapping, and fluid contact identification.  Reservoir simulation using the static model resulted in a substantial increase in estimated oil-in-place and numerous completion and re-completion opportunities in this secondary reservoir. 

Contact Joe Dozzo (JADozzo@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1987-1995

International Reservoir Technologies has been the principal reservoir engineering consultant on the Dolphin Field through the discovery, development, gas cycling miscible displacement and performance monitoring phases of the life of this implementation of this volatile oil reservoir. The reservoir is a salt plugged carbonate with highly directional permeability. Equation of state fluid property characterization was performed on extensive laboratory tests in order to determine miscibility conditions and develop an accurate compositional reservoir simulation model. Development and operational alternatives are continuously evaluated including recompletions, infill drilling, water injection for sweep control, and blowdown scenarios. Each alternative is evaluated within gathering system, process plant, and compression constraints.

1994-2002

The Eland Lodgepole reservoir is geologically complex in terms of porosity types and pore volume determination.  A vuggy/fracture pore system results in a high effective permeability, which provides good productivity.  Extensive geologic and engineering analysis have been performed in order to construct a dual-porosity reservoir simulation model for use in field development and operations management.  The field is currently under waterflood and is expected to recover an extraordinarily high proportion of the original oil in place.

click on above image(s) to enlarge

1993

International Reservoir Technologies was contracted by General Atlantic Resources to conduct a reservoir engineering study of the East Hawley Field, Misener Sand, located in Grant County, Oklahoma.  The objectives for the forty-one (41) well project was to gain an understanding of the source of water and water cut behavior, evaluate production practices to maximize recovery, evaluate East Hawley Field as a water-flood candidate and recommend a water-flood pattern if a water-flood proved appropriate.  During the coarse of the study, log and core data were used to build a geologic model of the field.  The geologic model, combined with available pressure data, hydraulic fracture treatment records and production data, were sufficient to meet the objectives of the study.  

Contact Joe Dozzo (JADozzo@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1997-1998    (UMC is now Ocean Energy Inc.)

International Reservoir Technologies performed a reservoir simulation study on this Lower Red Fork tight gas sand in Caddo and Canadian Counties, Oklahoma.  The goal of the study was to identify high pressure bypassed areas of the reservoir for spotting potential infill locations.

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1992

in January 1992, International Reservoir Technologies, Inc (IRT), had just completed an initial reservoir study consisting of six (6) wells located in  the Dripping Rock Field, Sweetwater County, Wyoming.  Subsequent to completion of the initial study, additional wells were placed on production with plans to drill an additional number of wells. IRT was contacted by Celcius Energy Company to update the initial reservoir study to characterize the reservoir and predict recoverable gas reserves for the existing wells. Several prediction cases were run to evaluate the impact of additional development drilling.   

Contact Joe Dozzo (JADozzo@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1993-1994

International Reservoir Technologies performed a compositional modeling study of gas cycling expansion in this volatile oil reservoir. The interpretations of both reservoir sandstone distribution and structure were input into the simulation model. The model was then history matched and used to develop a reservoir injection and production scheme that accounted for the effects of offsetting production. IRT presented the results to the Wyoming Oil & Gas Conservation Commission for project sanctioning

1992-2012

International Reservoir Technologies has provided and continues to provide integrated consulting services and ongoing reservoir management support for three volatile oil reservoirs on this block. International Reservoir Technologies performed the well test analyses for the first two wells drilled in the Rhourde el Khrouf Field. Following the second well, the operator (CEPSA) obtained 2,500 km of 2-D seismic data through both proprietary acquisition and data trades. There were five vintages of data in all, and these were converted into a single consistent data set on the workstation by analyzing 480 line tie points and performing a grid balance in time, phase, frequency and amplitude. The RKF structure itself was mapped along with the structure that became the basis for the discovery of the giant Ourhoud Field. International Reservoir Technologies completed a sequence stratigraphic analysis to provide flow unit definition to the reservoir models. Equation-of-state parameters were derived from detailed phase behavior analyses supporting the simulation work. Landmark VIP has been used to model the effects of gas re-injection in these reservoirs. Economic evaluations and studies were then performed to determine project feasibility and unitization among multiple leaseholders in the Ourhoud Field.

International Reservoir Technologies continues to support the engineering activities in Rhourde el Khrouf Field, offering on-site engineering support, training, and continuity for new engineering staff members of the operator (CEPSA). The miscible gas flood at Rhourde el Khrouf has matured and redevelopment planning is underway, involving higher gas injection rates and WAG for mobility control. International Reservoir Technologies is continuing to support this work with advanced engineering and simulation techniques, and training for the next step in RKF field operations life. Most of the support work is being performed on site in Madrid.

1998-2002

International Reservoir Technologies provided engineering support assistance in the construction of a simulation model of the MLN Field using Roxar's MORE Compositional Simulation Model (and later Landmark.s VIP Simulation Model). Engineering support also included the design of a study that would satisfy the Algerian Oil and Gas Ministry's requirements to support commerciality. IRT also provided assistance to Burlington with critical presentations before SONATRACH, as well as final ELA document preparation for the Algerian Oil and Gas Ministry. International Reservoir Technologies also supported evaluations of unitization proposals for fields that spanned several exploration blocks, helping to assure the proposed recovery processes were appropriate and benefited the client to the highest degree possible. Most of the support work was performed on site in London.

IRT was contracted to provide general engineering and earth science support for the Uquo and Stubbs Creek Fields located in the Niger Delta.  These studies were used in part,  to assist the client in deciding whether or not to submit petitions in pursuit of operatorship.

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1995
(Western Atlas subcontract)

The Akal Field is  a giant fractured carbonate reservoir that  is part of the large Cretaceous reef trend running along Mexico's North Yucatan coast.  Almost 40% of Mexico's daily oil production comes from the Akal, which is the largest oil field in the Western Hemisphere.  International Reservoir Technologies has acted in an on-site advisory capacity for production engineering and reservoir engineering. International Reservoir Technologies was involved in a multi-disciplinary integrated project team that started with 3-D seismic data and well logs, and resulted in an Eclipse reservoir simulation model. International Reservoir Technologies provided guidance in planning future Enhanced Oil Recovery for the field and also performed an analysis of artificial lift using Petroleum Experts PROSPER software, and acted on behalf of PEMEX in outlining the planned artificial lift program to equipment suppliers. International Reservoir Technologies proposed a combination of improved gas-lift and electric submersible pumps to improve production in the field.

(Veritas subcontract)

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

IRT was contracted to design a field development plan for miscible gas injection in a frectured reservoir.  This project involved participation in an integrated project team that negotiated the development contract, designed the surface facilities and development wells, and completed the subsurface evaluation.

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

IRT was contracted to perform an integrated reservoir simulation study of the known gas reserves in the fractured carbonate reservoirs of a lease in Oman.  A simulation model of all of the pore-volume contributing to flow in the known gas reservoirs in the lease was built using the “most probable” properties identified in the data analysis and well test modeling.  That model was used to determine an optimum set of locations and orientations for production wells for the reservoirs.

1995-2001

International Reservoir Technologies has performed a series of integrated studies of the giant Cupiagua gas condensate reservoir in order to estimate reserves, define infill and step-out drilling locations, and provide a complete evaluation of development and surface equipment scenarios. In these studies, the complex structural geology of the field was defined through the detailed interpretation of approximately thirty 2-D seismic lines, which were tied in time, phase, amplitude and frequency to form a consistent data set. Interpretation was performed with the Landmark SeisWorks program and was validated through the construction of balanced structural cross-sections in the Cogniseis Geosec package. All cores in the field were described in detail and were integrated into the reservoir description through stratigraphic cross-sections and property maps.

This information was all incorporated into a compositional full field model of the reservoir using the Landmark VIP software suite. The model was based on analyses of several PVT tests for different wells that indicated the reservoir fluid to be a near-critical point fluid with significant compositional variations with depth and temperature. These PVT anomalies were all successfully modeled and incorporated into the full field model. The compositional modeling work was used to test fourteen different development scenarios in terms of ultimate recovery and production rate over time, including several miscible gas displacement scenarios.

IRT continues to be involved in model studies of Cupiagua and satellite reservoirs in support of field development efforts.

1997-2001

International Reservoir Technologies performed an integrated review of reservoir model of the giant Cusiana Field. In this study, the work of a foreign operator in planning the reservoir depletion was reviewed for ECOPETROL. The work by the operator included a detailed reservoir description, a major simulation model, and detailed operating strategies. Findings from the study assisted ECOPETROL in guiding and understanding these strategies, as well as providing important refinements.

IRT assisted ECOPETROL in the construction of a new compositional full field model of the Cusiana Field using VIP. This model is now the basic tool for planning future depletion strategies for ECOPETROL. Part of the effort included technology transfer and training. Portions of this work are performed on-site in Bogotá.

IRT continues to be involved in model studies of the Cusiana Reservoir in the support offield development efforts. 

1998-2000**

The reservoir exists in a regional syncline with a local anticlinal development.  In these studies, the complex structural geology of the field was defined through the detailed interpretation of 2-D and 3-D seismic with statistical curvature analysis of dip meter data.  All cores in the field were described in detail and were integrated into the reservoir description.  Stratigraphic analysis identified nine separate facies within the productive reservoir horizon.  Extensive petrophysical data, including FMI logs and over 300 thin-section analyses were integrated with engineering data to show that the highly productive reservoir likely consisted of fractures only with no effective matrix porosity. 

**Study updated 2003-2004 for the operator, SIPETROL, under the revised field name, Guaduas. 

1998

In August of 1998, International Reservoir Technologies, Inc. was contracted to perform a simulation study of the Floreña Field defining sensitivity cases to evaluate principal recovery factors of a gas injection project in a volatile oil field.  The study utilized existing reports / data and worked in concert with the client and the Colombian Institute of Petroleum.  Three scenarios were developed for OOIP with an evaluation of various recovery possibilities using the simulation model to provide forecasts suitable for economic evaluation of each scenario.  

Contact Tom Gould (TLGould@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

2002-2005

Bach-01 field is a heavy oil sand in the Lagunillas-Lago unit of the Tía Juana District.  The field has produced over 420 million barrels from 641 wells.  There are numerous horizontal wells and over 1000 steam cycles into 350 wells. The Bach-01 Field was put on production in August 1934 with the completion of the LL-231 well in the area operated by the Former Lagoven, and the field has had continuous production for over 75 years.  Both solution gas and compaction (subsidence) have been important recovery mechanisms in the field.  Recovery is about 6% of the estimated 6600 MMstb POES.  IRT is evaluating future recovery strategies including continuous steam injection (ICV) and steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), among other technologically available alternatives.  IRT is performing a full-integrated study of the field including development of a digital database, complete reservoir description, construction of a 3D geological static model with associated rock properties, oil-water contact definition, reserves, and reservoir simulation.

Contact Tom Gould (TLGould@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

2001-2002

C2/VLE305 is a highly complex reservoir both structurally and stratigraphically.  International Reservoir Technologies utilized an existing geological static model and constructed a 3D geocellular model for geostatistical analysis of the field.  A geocellular model was then used for reservoir simulation involving history matching, water flood optimization and analysis of WAG. Petrophysical review resulted in recomputation of v-shale values and effective porosities.  Errors in structural interpretation at the faults were corrected with the aid of the interpreted seismic data and then modified horizons for each of the C2 sand flow units were entered into a new IRMS geological model.  Predominate facies were mapped deterministically and combined with IRMS software based facies object modeling as a basis for the geostatistical determination of net-to-gross, porosities, and permeabilities for each of 319 layers.  A 34 layer simulation model of the area was built and history match developed.  The field has produced over 300 million barrels from the Eocene Misoa sands.  The reservoir has 138 wells and about 1500 MMstb POES.  

Contact Tom Gould (TLGould@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

2001-2002

In November 2000 PDVSA contacted International Reservoir Technologies, Inc to conduct a reservoir simulation study of the VLE196 and VLE460 areas in Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela.  The goals of this study were to provide an updated geologic description  for four (4) reservoirs, quantify OOIP and reserves, identify opportunities to increase oil production and locate additional reserves and recommend improved recovery techniques to maximize the field's potential within these reservoirs.  

The study was a corroborative effort between IRT and PDVSA staff members.  A new geologic model was constructed that ties VLE196/VLE460 to Block VI Lamar, Block VI East and Block V Centro, thereby creating an internally consistent framework.  This model is tightly integrated between seismic, well logs, core date, oil-water contacts, pressure tests and production data.  

A 3D full-field reservoir simulation model has been history-matched to pressure and production performance.  Many late time wells have found small compartments of bypassed oil that present a challenge for the history match.  Fault sealing (and opening) was a key variable required to reach a match.  Faults in the study area are not completely open or completely closed.  Facies transition from one type to another was found to create compartments.  

In conclusion, after 20 years, large areas were left unswept by existing wells, workovers and recompletions.  To access the remaining oil, several drilling opportunities, recompletions and/or waterflooding were Identified or future evaluation by PDVSA., with an estimated ultimate recovery of 78% of the proven MOOIP and 44% of the proven OOIP.    

Contact Tom Gould (TLGould@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1998-2000

Block V Centro is a highly complex field both structurally and stratigraphically.  The field has produced over 300 million barrels from the Eocene Misoa sands.  The study included 260 wells and Block V Centro has a POES of about 1500 MMstb.  International Reservoir Technologies performed a fully integrated study of the Block V Centro field.  The reservoir description included interpretation of 225 km² of 3D seismic, detailed correlation of 44 flow units based on sequence stratigraphic and genetic stratigraphic concepts within the 260 wells penetrating the Misoa B and C sands.  Core description was used to associate depositional facies with log signature.  Within a single stratigraphic unit, log signature was correlated between wells to provide an areal distribution of facies.  Petrophysical analysis was performed on 61 wells calibrated to core measurements and previous petrophysical analysis.  Facies are assigned unique rock properties based on the petrophysical analysis, thus representing the lateral heterogeneity within a single stratigraphic layer.

Contact Tom Gould (TLGould@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

1994-1998

click on image to enlarge

Lamar Block VI is a highly complex reservoir both structurally and stratigraphically. The field has produced over 300 million barrels from the Eocene Misoa sands. For this integrated study, International Reservoir Technologies first provided a detailed description of all

click on image to enlarge

available cores, identifying key sequence stratigraphic surfaces, systems tracts, and depositional facies. International Reservoir Technologies performed a detailed 3-D seismic interpretation over the block using the Landmark SeisWorks software, integrating the interpretation with abundant dipmeter data for fault and fold geometry control, well log picks, and production data. Wavelet extraction was performed to provide an understanding of the phase and frequency content of the data, and the results were used in generating synthetic seismograms to tie well log picks to the seismic volume. Seven horizons have now been mapped in time and depth, and these maps have been used as the basis for identifying fifteen step-out and infill drilling prospects.  International Reservoir Technologies has built a detailed reservoir model of Block VI with 44 flow units and 40 major faults. Seismic attribute analysis and forward modeling has been performed to determine the nature of  amplitude anomalies apparent in the data set. These were used as guides for reservoir mapping, and in determining current fluid contacts or pressure compartments. The reservoir model contains in excess of 100,000 grid cells and the simulation is being performed with the Schlumberger GeoQuest Eclipse simulation system. The model was history matched and is now being used to predict the behavior of planned infill drilling and water injection projects in the Block.   

Contact Tom Gould (TLGould@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact Craig Williams (CAWilliams@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877

Contact our office (IRT_Info@irt-inc.com) for additional information
303-279-0877